๐Ÿš

002. HTML

1. Hyper Text Markup Language

Hyper Text๋Š” ์ฐธ์กฐ(ํ•˜์ดํผ๋งํฌ)๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์„œ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋กœ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Markup Language๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๋ชฉ์ด๋‹ค, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์ด๋‹ค, ๋ฌธ๋‹จ์ด๋‹ค์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์„œ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด, HTML์€ ์›น์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ ์ธ ์–ธ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ HTML์€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ ์–ธ์–ด๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ ์–ธ์–ด : ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ช…๋ น๋ฌธ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด
  • ๋งˆํฌ์—… ์–ธ์–ด
    • : ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด
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์ฆ‰, HTML์€ ์›น์˜ ๋ผˆ๋Œ€์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
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Icon made byย flaticonIcon made byย flaticon
Icon made byย flaticon

2. ๋ฉ”๋ชจ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ํฌ๋กฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ œ

๋ฉ”๋ชจ์žฅ์—์„œ ์•„๋ž˜ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•œ ๋’ค, '๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ์ €์žฅ'์„ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด ํ™•์žฅ์ž๋ฅผ .txt ๋Œ€์‹  .html๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์„œ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Mac OS์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” "ํ…์ŠคํŠธ ํŽธ์ง‘๊ธฐ"์—์„œ "ํฌ๋งท"๋ž€์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ "์ผ๋ฐ˜ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ"์—์„œ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์‹  ํ›„ ํ™•์žฅ์ž๋ฅผ .html๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ณด๋‹ค ์ƒ์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ํ•˜๋‹จ์— ์บก์ณํ•ด ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="ko"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> <h1>Hello world</h1> </body> </html>
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ฐฝ์€ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
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2.1. Window ์‚ฌ์šฉ์‹œ

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๋ฉ”๋ชจ์žฅ์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ  ์œ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํƒ€์ดํ•‘์„ ์น˜์‹  ํ›„ ํŒŒ์ผ > ์ €์žฅ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
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์•„๋ž˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํŒŒ์ผ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ test.html, ํŒŒ์ผ ํ˜•์‹์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ํŒŒ์ผ, ์ธ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์€ utf-8์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์‹  ํ›„ ์ €์žฅ์„ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
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์ €์žฅ๋œ ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹คํ–‰์‹œํ‚ค์‹œ๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‹คํ–‰๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
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2.2. ๋งฅ๋ถ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ

ํ…์ŠคํŠธ ํŽธ์ง‘๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์ง‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•„๋ž˜ 2๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„ ํƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2๊ฐœ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  1. ํ…์ŠคํŠธ ํŒŒ์ผ๋กœ ์ €์žฅ ํ›„ ํ™•์žฅ์ž ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ
  1. html๋กœ ์ €์žฅ(Version์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์•ˆ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.)
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์—์„œ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ ํŽธ์ง‘๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ  ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ ์ €์žฅ ํ•œ ํ›„ ํ™•์žฅ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ž‘์„ฑ ํ•œ ํ›„ ํฌ๋ฉง > ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
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์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์•Œ๋ฆผ์ฐฝ์ด ๋œฌ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ™•์ธ์„ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
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ํ™•์ธ์„ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ  ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ์ €์žฅํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์•„๋ž˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™•์žฅ์ž๋ฅผ(์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋Š”_์ด๋ฆ„.html) ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ๋ƒ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์ฐฝ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋œน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. .html์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ  ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋œ ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญ ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์›น ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šฐ์ €์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
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์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šฐ์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ €์žฅํ•  ๋•Œ .html ํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์•„๋ž˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด 3๋ฒˆ์งธ์— ์žˆ์ฃ ? ์ €์žฅํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ  ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
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